A microwave microstrip line is formed on the magneto optic material and carries a signal from the. Pdf we propose an ultrafast magnetooptic mo modulator for the. A gigahertz surface magneto plasmon optical modulator. Conceptual schematic of the direction reconfigurable nonreciprocal acoustooptic modulator. The modulator is formed by depositing a magnetooptic material such as euse onto a superconducting ground plane such as that of the circuit. Magnetooptic modulator and optical communication system. Nasa technical note electrooptic and magnetooptic modulators by e. Lightactivated ultrafast magnetooptic modulator lightactivated ultrafast magnetooptic modulator yang, chiaen 20080828 00. Optical and magnetooptical properties of gd x fe 100x. Refractive modulators most often make use of electrooptic effect, other modulators are made with acoustooptic effect, magnetooptic effect such as faraday and cottonmouton effects. They are strainfree as grown, and easily cut and polished flat to 110 wavelength of, say, the. Incident light penetrating the transparent top electrode can be modulated due to its magnetooptic kerr effect with the gdfe free layer. The device further includes a magnetic material with low optical absorption through which a portion of the optical signal is configured to flow.
Because the iron garnets are cubic, exhibit small values of linear magnetic birefringence, and offer great flexibility in ion substitutions and some flexibility in optical absorption values, these materials provide clear advantages over any. Weber, and sasha kemmet electrical and computer engineering department, iowa state university, ames, iowa 50011, usa. A magnetooptic trap confines and cools atoms by means of nearresonant. It consists of an active element laser chip, a thermooptic element tunable filter that enables tuning of the laser through a tunable external cavity, a magneto. Magnetooptic modulator for high bandwidth cavity length stabilization. Modulation the amount of laser light diffracted to the first order beam depends on the amplitude of the acoustic waves that diffract the incident laser beam, and t. Rp photonics encyclopedia electrooptic modulators, eom. This modulator is capable of 1 ns modulation speed and has a.
Acoustooptic modulators are based on the acoustooptic effect. The beam may be carried over free space, or propagated through an optical waveguide optical fibre. Waveguidebased electroabsorption modulator performance. The rubidium vapor cell was provided, but i had to wind. Electro optic modulator an electrooptic modulator is a device which can be used for controlling the power, phase or polarization of a laser beam with an electrical control signal. Magnetooptical modulator for superconducting digital. In such a medium, which is also called gyrotropic or gyromagnetic, left and rightrotating elliptical polarizations can propagate at different speeds, leading to a number of important phenomena. Our mo modulator is based on the faraday effect and consists of a microwave microstrip line msl. Recent advances of wide band magnetooptical modulators.
We have successfully fabricated a basic magneto optical spatial light modulator moslm device driven by spintransferswitching sts, which we call spinslm technology. The finite difference beam propagation method is employed for numerical calculations, which is the most widely used propagation technique for modeling integrated and photonic devices. Operating parameters for magneto optical modulators. An allinclusive tunable optical transmitter integrated on a single chip is proposed.
Thus, we find highest energybandwidthratio modulator designs. However, faraday rotators are notoriously difficult to fabricate at small scales due to the high magnetic field strengths required to generate significant light polarization vector rotations. The magnetic material is configured to receive an electrical signal that sets a magnetization state of the magnetic material. They are strain free as grown, and easily cut and polished flat to 110 wavelength of, say, the yellow line of. Rp photonics encyclopedia optical modulators, acousto.
Crystals using photoelastic modulation polarization. The performance improvement on the material side is fundamentally limited by the oscillator sum rule and thermal broadening of the fermidirac distribution. Highresolution magnetooptic measurements with a sagnac interferometer invited a. The application of yttrium iron garnet as a laser qswitch is also discussed. Tne photoelastic modulator pem has become a standard tool for polarimetric measurements. Previous designs have incorporated free space components which are bulky and di. Optical modulators based on 2d materials sciencedirect. A magnetooptical spatial light modulator driven by spin. Measurement of magneto optical kerr effect using piezobirefringent modulator article pdf available in japanese journal of applied physics 2012. Mo modulators in integrated optics 8, the possibility of a free space mo modulator has not been widely investigated. A magnetooptic trap for rubidium oregon state university.
The original magneto optic modulator employed in our experiments consists of a. The magnetooptic modulator rotates a polarization of a light incident to a magnetooptic. We propose a novel magnetooptical approach for the repetition frequency stabilization of optical frequency combs. We propose a kind of magnetic photonic crystal mpc slab waveguide made from magnetooptical material, namely bismuth iron garnet. We propose an ultrafast magnetooptic mo modulator for the sfqtooptical digital interface. The acoustooptic modulator can therefore be used to deflect beams of polychromatic light into co mponent colors or wavelengths, in a manner reminiscent of the dispersive prism. The modulators operate with low driving voltages and are well suited to transistor drive. Compared to the mature alloptical and electricaloptic modulation schemes, the magnetooptic modulator has not received so much attention due to fabrication and operation complexity. This electrically alterable magnetooptic device can be used as a twodimensional spatial light modulator in an optical image processor or a display system. Introduction the spatial light modulator slm is a category of optical device that spatially transforms an input. Acoustooptic modulator wikimili, the best wikipedia reader. The recent realization that 2d layered materials could modulate light with superior performance has prompted intense research and significant advances.
Magnetooptic modulator for high bandwidth cavity length. An electrooptic modulator eom or electrooptic modulator is a device which can be used for controlling the power intensity modulators, phase phase modulators or polarization of light with an electrical control signal. Osa magnetooptic modulator for high bandwidth cavity. Pdf measurement of magnetooptical kerr effect using. Depending on the parameter of a light beam which is manipulated, modulators may be categorized into amplitude modulators, phase modulators, polarization modulators etc. An optical modulator is a device which is used to modulate a beam of light. Low power field generation for magnetooptic fiberbased. Pdf a magnetooptic modulator with a magnetic fluid film inserted into an optical fiber sagnac interferometer is proposed. Fejer department of applied physics, stanford university, stanford, california 94305 a technique for measuring the faraday effect and the magnetooptic kerr effect has been developed.
These modulators use the faraday effect in single crystals of yttrium iron garnet. A microwave microstrip line is formed on the magnetooptic material and carries a signal from the. There are very different kinds of optical modulators. We present a tunable wideband bismuthsubstituted yttrium iron garnet biyig waveguide magnetooptic mo modulator. A magnetooptic effect is any one of a number of phenomena in which an electromagnetic wave propagates through a medium that has been altered by the presence of a quasistatic magnetic field. We confirmed successful switching of the individual free layers, which was controlled by sts. The research activities on the phenomenon of magnetooptic effects has recently promulgated due to its versatile use in magnetooptic recordings for high density magnetic data storage, magnetic field sensors and its applications in magnetoelectronics. However, existing pem techniques for characterizing magnetooptic materials are strictly valid only when the degree of polarization is unchanged by the material being characterized 1,2. Keywordsmems, faraday effect, inductor, coil, faraday rotator, polarization controller, magnetooptic spatial light modulator, bismuthsubstituted yttrium iron garnet. We havedeeply investigated the recent advances of wide band magneto optical modulators in advanced high. Combining 5 and 17 and assuming a collisionfree plasma. Magnetooptical modulator for superconducting digital interface. A magnetooptical spatial light modulator driven by spin transfer switching for.
Design of graphenebased polarizationinsensitive optical. A magnetooptic effect is any one of a number of phenomena in which an electromagnetic. Thus, it is well matched to digital optical coherent storage and processing technology. Wideband magnetooptic modulation in a bismuthsubstituted. Magneto optic modulators for nearinfrared radiation wavelength 1. Magneto optical modulator for superconducting digital output interface.
Thermally induced inhomogeneous refractiveindex distribution of the cladding polymer controllably attenuates the graphene based longrange surface plasmon waveguide for light modulation. A thin magnetic garnet film is epitaxially deposited on a transparent nonmagnetic garnet substrate, in the manner of magnetic bubble memory films. Optical modulators with 2d layered materials nature. The original magnetooptic modulator employed in our experiments consists of a. Magnetooptic modulators refer to those employing magnetooptic effects such as the faraday effect64, 65 or magnetooptic kerr effect 64 for light modulation. Faraday rotators that employ the magnetooptic effect are ubiquitous across several optical device categories. Electrooptic and magnetooptic modulators ntrs nasa.
Pdf a gigahertz surface magnetoplasmon optical modulator. Twodimensional magnetooptic spatial light modulator for. Magnetooptic fiber sagnac modulator based on magnetic fluids. This modulator does not induce mechanical resonances and as such has the. Materials for magnetooptic modulators springerlink. Pdf a magnetooptical spatial light modulator driven by spin. By exploiting the electroabsorption effect of graphene, we present a graphenebased polarizationinsensitive optical modulator. A scanning, allfiber sagnac interferometer for high. The mo modulator can not only work as an intensity modulator when combined with two linear polarizer, but can. Magnetooptic modulator and optical communication system using. Highspeed current transients are used to switch the inplane magnetization of the film, which modulates an 800 nm optical beam. A magneto optic modulator modulates signals from a superconducting circuit such as a singlefluxquantum sfq logic system onto a carrier wave light beam. Highresolution magnetooptic measurements with a sagnac.
Pdf magnetooptical modulator for superconducting digital output. Magnetooptic modulators for nearinfrared radiation wavelength 1. This work offers comprehensive coverage of all aspects of spatial light modulators, from the various optical materials used for modulation, through the availability and characteristics of specific devices, to the main applications of slms and related systems. Recent advances of wide band magnetooptical modulators in. The acoustooptic intermodal scattering is enabled over the linear part of the racetrack resonator. We propose a novel magneto optical approach for the repetition frequency stabilization of optical frequency combs. It typically contains one or two pockels cells, and possibly additional optical elements such as polarizers. Direction reconfigurable nonreciprocal acoustooptic.
The sample was coated by a thin au film in order to excite plasmons at the free au surface. Simulation of magnetooptical properties of magnetic. Techniques are described for a device that includes an optical channel configured to transport an optical signal. Low power field generation for magnetooptic fiberbased interferometric switches john pritchard,a mani mina, robert j. The modulator is formed by depositing a magneto optic material such as euse onto a superconducting ground plane such as that of the circuit. Magnetooptical modulator for superconducting digital output interface.
Resonant laser light can exert a force on free atoms by means of the momentum exchange during an absorptionemission cycle. We havedeeply investigated the recent advances of wide band magneto optical modulators in advanced high speed optical communication systems over wide range of the affecting operating parameters as shown in table 1. More than 210fr atoms have now been contained in a magnetooptic trap. The discovery of magnetooptical effects evoked a new thought that the nature of light was an electromagnetic entity, and played a central role. The slm device is comprised of a one dimensional tenpixel light modulation array 1. The modulator performance is comprehensively studied in terms of attenuation, insertion. Index terms magnetooptic modulation, faraday rotation effect, linbo3, yig, and ultra fast magnetic field. A gigahertz surface magnetoplasmon optical modulator. They are used for switching or continuously adjusting the amplitude of a laser beam, for shifting its optical frequency, or its spatial direction. We also find that performance scales with modal waveguide confinement.
A magnetooptic modulator modulates signals from a superconducting circuit such as a singlefluxquantum sfq logic system onto a carrier wave light beam. Optical modulators with twodimensional layered materials. Electrooptic modulators exploit the electrooptic effect in a pockels cell. The same magnetooptical polarization rotation principle can be applied to.
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